本文共 16208 字，大约阅读时间需要 54 分钟。

一个集审核、执行、备份及生成回滚语句于一身的MySQL自动化运维工具,由去哪网开源

安装

• CentOS 7
• Python 3.6

安装基础环境

yum -y install cmake libncurses5-dev libssl-dev g++ bison gcc gcc-c++ openssl-devel ncurses-devel mysql pymysql

安装bison

注意bison版本，centos7如果yum安装bison，会因为版本过高导致编译报错

wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/bison-2.5.1.tar.gztar -zxvf bison-2.5.1.tar.gzcd bison-2.5.1./configuremakemake install

安装 inception

cd /usr/local/wget https://github.com/mysql-inception/inception/archive/master.zipunzip master.zipcd inception-master/sh inception_build.sh builddir linux

修改配置

cat /etc/inc.cnf###################[inception]general_log=1general_log_file=inc.logport=6669socket=/tmp/inc.socketcharacter-set-client-handshake=0character-set-server=utf8# 这里的数据库是填inception的库，也用作备份库inception_remote_system_password=123456inception_remote_system_user=rootinception_remote_backup_port=3306inception_remote_backup_host=127.0.0.1inception_support_charset=utf8inception_enable_nullable=0inception_check_primary_key=1inception_check_column_comment=1inception_check_table_comment=1inception_osc_min_table_size=1inception_osc_bin_dir=/usr/bininception_osc_chunk_time=0.1inception_ddl_support=1inception_enable_blob_type=1inception_check_column_default_value=1###################

启动服务

nohup /usr/local/inception-master/builddir/mysql/bin/Inception --defaults-file=/etc/inc.cnf &

测试是否安装成功

(inception_env) [root@localhost inception-master]# mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -P 6669Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 1Server version: Inception2.1.50 1Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.# 有如下输出即可MySQL [(none)]> inception get variables;+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+| Variable_name                            | Value                                       |+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+| autocommit                               | OFF                                         || bind_address                             | *                                           || character_set_system                     | utf8                                        || character_sets_dir                       | /usr/local/inception-master/share/charsets/ || connect_timeout                          | 10                                          || date_format                              | %Y-%m-%d                                    || datetime_format                          | %Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s                           || general_log                              | ON                                          || general_log_file                         | inc.log                                     || inception_check_autoincrement_datatype   | ON                                          || inception_check_autoincrement_init_value | ON                                          || inception_check_autoincrement_name       | ON                                          || inception_check_column_comment           | ON                                          || inception_check_column_default_value     | ON                                          || inception_check_dml_limit                | ON                                          || inception_check_dml_orderby              | ON                                          || inception_check_dml_where                | ON                                          || inception_check_identifier               | ON                                          || inception_check_index_prefix             | ON                                          || inception_check_insert_field             | ON                                          || inception_check_primary_key              | ON                                          || inception_check_table_comment            | ON                                          || inception_check_timestamp_default        | ON                                          || inception_ddl_support                    | ON                                          || inception_enable_autoincrement_unsigned  | ON                                          || inception_enable_blob_type               | ON                                          || inception_enable_column_charset          | OFF                                         || inception_enable_enum_set_bit            | OFF                                         || inception_enable_foreign_key             | OFF                                         || inception_enable_identifer_keyword       | OFF                                         || inception_enable_not_innodb              | OFF                                         || inception_enable_nullable                | OFF                                         || inception_enable_orderby_rand            | OFF                                         || inception_enable_partition_table         | OFF                                         || inception_enable_pk_columns_only_int     | OFF                                         || inception_enable_select_star             | OFF                                         || inception_enable_sql_statistic           | ON                                          || inception_max_char_length                | 16                                          || inception_max_key_parts                  | 5                                           || inception_max_keys                       | 16                                          || inception_max_primary_key_parts          | 5                                           || inception_max_update_rows                | 10000                                       || inception_merge_alter_table              | ON                                          || inception_osc_alter_foreign_keys_method  | none                                        || inception_osc_bin_dir                    | /usr/bin                                    || inception_osc_check_alter                | ON                                          || inception_osc_check_interval             | 5.000000                                    || inception_osc_check_replication_filters  | ON                                          || inception_osc_chunk_size                 | 1000                                        || inception_osc_chunk_size_limit           | 4.000000                                    || inception_osc_chunk_time                 | 0.100000                                    || inception_osc_critical_thread_connected  | 1000                                        || inception_osc_critical_thread_running    | 80                                          || inception_osc_drop_new_table             | ON                                          || inception_osc_drop_old_table             | ON                                          || inception_osc_max_lag                    | 3.000000                                    || inception_osc_max_thread_connected       | 1000                                        || inception_osc_max_thread_running         | 80                                          || inception_osc_min_table_size             | 1                                           || inception_osc_on                         | ON                                          || inception_osc_print_none                 | ON                                          || inception_osc_print_sql                  | ON                                          || inception_osc_recursion_method           | processlist                                 || inception_password                       |                                             || inception_read_only                      | OFF                                         || inception_remote_backup_host             | 127.0.0.1                                   || inception_remote_backup_port             | 3306                                        || inception_remote_system_password         | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9   || inception_remote_system_user             | root                                        || inception_support_charset                | utf8                                        || inception_user                           |                                             || interactive_timeout                      | 28800                                       || max_allowed_packet                       | 1073741824                                  || max_connect_errors                       | 100                                         || max_connections                          | 151                                         || net_buffer_length                        | 16384                                       || net_read_timeout                         | 30                                          || net_write_timeout                        | 60                                          || port                                     | 6669                                        || query_alloc_block_size                   | 8192                                        || query_prealloc_size                      | 8192                                        || socket                                   | /tmp/inc.socket                             || thread_handling                          | one-thread-per-connection                   || thread_stack                             | 262144                                      || time_format                              | %H:%i:%s                                    || version                                  | Inception2.1.50                             || version_comment                          | Source distribution                         || version_compile_machine                  | x86_64                                      || version_compile_os                       | Linux                                       || wait_timeout                             | 28800                                       |+------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------+90 rows in set (0.00 sec)

使用

对sql的审核都是在脚本中调用inception去实现的,下面就简单使用下

准备脚本

(inception_env) [vagrant@localhost ~]$ cat test.py #!/usr/bin/python#-\*-coding: utf-8-\*-''' 建库建表语句CREATE DATABASE test;CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mytable1`(   `id` INT UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT,   `myname` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,   PRIMARY KEY ( `id` ))ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;'''import pymysql# 待审核/执行的sql语句（需包含目标数据库的地址、端口 等参数）sql='/* --user=root;--password=123456;--host=127.0.0.1;--port=3306;--enable-check; */\inception_magic_start;\use test;\insert into mytable1 (myname) values ("xianyu1"),("xianyu2");\insert into mytable1 (myname) values ("xianyu1"),("xianyu2");\inception_magic_commit;'try:    # inception的地址、端口等    conn=pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='123456',db='',port=6669)     cur=conn.cursor()    ret=cur.execute(sql)    result=cur.fetchall()    num_fields = len(cur.description)     field_names = [i[0] for i in cur.description]    print (result)    '''    for row in result:        print row[0], "|",row[1],"|",row[2],"|",row[3],"|",row[4],"|",        row[5],"|",row[6],"|",row[7],"|",row[8],"|",row[9],"|",row[10]    '''    cur.close()    conn.close()except Exception  as e:     print (e)

注意:

- –enable-check是审核sql - –enable-execute是执行sql

具体指令参考官方文档

如果就这样直接执行是会报如下错误的

invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'Inception2'

因为inception是不支持python3的pymysql库的，所以得修改下pymysql的源码才行

查找pymysql源码修改connections.py文件 找到_request_authentication方法

def _request_authentication(self):        # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/connection-phase-packets.html#packet-Protocol::HandshakeResponse        if int(self.server_version.split('.', 1)[0]) >= 5:            self.client_flag |= CLIENT.MULTI_RESULTS

修改为

def _request_authentication(self):        # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/connection-phase-packets.html#packet-Protocol::HandshakeResponse        try:            if int(self.server_version.split('.', 1)[0]) >= 5:                self.client_flag |= CLIENT.MULTI_RESULTS        except:            if self.server_version.split('.', 1)[0] == 'Inception2':                self.client_flag |= CLIENT.MULTI_RESULTS

现在我们来执行下脚本看看

(inception_env) [vagrant@localhost ~]$ python test.py ((1, 'CHECKED', 0, 'Audit completed', 'None', 'use test', 0, "'0_0_0'", 'None', '0', ''), (2, 'CHECKED', 0, 'Audit completed', 'None', 'insert into mytable1 (myname) values ("xianyu1"),("xianyu2")', 2, "'0_0_1'", '127_0_0_1_3306_test', '0', ''), (3, 'CHECKED', 0, 'Audit completed', 'None', 'insert into mytable1 (myname) values ("xianyu1"),("xianyu2")', 2, "'0_0_2'", '127_0_0_1_3306_test', '0', ''))

可以看到sql审核过了(Audit completed)，没有问题，那来执行sql看看(把脚本里的–enable-check改成–enable-execute)

(inception_env) [vagrant@localhost ~]$ python test.py ((1, 'RERUN', 0, 'Execute Successfully', 'None', 'use test', 0, "'1533472093_33_0'", 'None', '0.000', ''), (2, 'EXECUTED', 0, 'Execute Successfully\nBackup successfully', 'None', 'insert into mytable1 (myname) values ("xianyu1"),("xianyu2")', 2, "'1533472093_33_1'", '127_0_0_1_3306_test', '0.010', ''), (3, 'EXECUTED', 0, 'Execute Successfully\nBackup successfully', 'None', 'insert into mytable1 (myname) values ("xianyu1"),("xianyu2")', 2, "'1533472093_33_2'", '127_0_0_1_3306_test', '0.000', ''))

可以看到(Execute Successfully\nBackup successfully)sql执行成功并且被备份了回滚语句

开启数据库binlog选项(不开启的话是不会生成备份库的)

cat /etc/my.cnf[mysqld]log-bin = mysql-binbinlog_format = ROWserver-id = 1

我们去看看(备份的数据在配置文件指定的库里)

(inception_env) [root@localhost bin]# mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p123456Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.Your MariaDB connection id is 35Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB ServerCopyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;+---------------------+| Database            |+---------------------+| information_schema  |# 备份库| 127_0_0_1_3306_test |# inception的库 不用管它| inception           || performance_schema  || test                |+---------------------+13 rows in set (0.00 sec)MariaDB [127_0_0_1_3306_test]> select * from $_$Inception_backup_information$_$;+-----------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+--------+-----------+------+---------------------+--------+| opid_time       | start_binlog_file | start_binlog_pos | end_binlog_file  | end_binlog_pos | sql_statement                                                | host      | dbname | tablename | port | time                | type   |+-----------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+--------+-----------+------+---------------------+--------+| 1533448913_2_1  | mysql-bin.000001  |              245 | mysql-bin.000001 |            445 | insert into mytable1 (myname) values ("xianyu1"),("xianyu2") | 127.0.0.1 | test   | mytable1  | 3306 | 2018-08-05 07:01:53 | INSERT || 1533448913_2_2  | mysql-bin.000001  |              445 | mysql-bin.000001 |            645 | insert into mytable1 (myname) values ("xianyu1"),("xianyu2") | 127.0.0.1 | test   | mytable1  | 3306 | 2018-08-05 07:01:53 | INSERT |2 rows in set (0.00 sec)MariaDB [127_0_0_1_3306_test]> select * from mytable1;+----+--------------------------------------------+-----------------+| id | rollback_statement                         | opid_time       |+----+--------------------------------------------+-----------------+|  1 | DELETE FROM `test`.`mytable1` WHERE id=13; | 1533448913_2_1  ||  2 | DELETE FROM `test`.`mytable1` WHERE id=14; | 1533448913_2_1  ||  3 | DELETE FROM `test`.`mytable1` WHERE id=15; | 1533448913_2_2  ||  4 | DELETE FROM `test`.`mytable1` WHERE id=16; | 1533448913_2_2  |4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

注意:

- $_$Inception_backup_information$_$表记录的是执行sql记录
- mytable1表记录的是sql回滚语句

下面看下inception在项目中的定位

用户在页面上点击通过django对inception进行调用进行sql的审核、执行、备份及生成回滚

转载地址：http://lkksi.baihongyu.com/